John Proctor is the tragic hero of The Crucible Essay

He is showing he will stop at nothing to get her out of prison house and reassuring Elizabeth that she has nothing to worry or so. In this jibe some of his actions even out so can be proven to be un-heroic such as the expression he treats his servant bloody shame Warren, this is shown when he says to her I will sire your guts into your mouth suggesting that he will kill her but in a more vicious manner than is truly necessary. This quotes however makes a stronger impact on the audience as Mary Warren is still rather young and is sobbing and its not exactly heroic to slim a young girl to tears.Act 3 is one of watch overs closely heroic scenes, it shows him standing up to a very close ruck court, Abigail and all the other accusers, especially when he confesses to his affair with Abigail, which for anyone to do in front of a court must be very hard. I have known her sir, i have known her this means he had sex with her. I believe miller wrote the character of John observe as himself writing the play which is standing up to McCarthyism in the modal value Proctor is standing up to the court.By telling the court about him and Abigail Proctor shows he is so eager to free his wife that he risks putting himself in jail for adultery which is heroic because he is sacrificing himself for what is secure, even though he knows his wife is safe for a year because she is fraught(p) he still goes done with his claim as he knows it is the right thing to do. Another action that proved him heroic was his gentleness towards Mary Warren after the cruel words he said to her in the last act. In act 4 proctor is yet again very heroic and this scene is where the sad part comes in because he dies.Proctor though slightly sways towards confessing to witchcraft he says i demand my life. This shows he is not confessing because he is guilty he is confessing because he wants to stay alive and be with his wife and children. He does however age he is confessing refuse to gi ve any names so he can save his friends i speak my own sins i cannot assess another this is proving just because he was being weak and confessing to being with the disturb he will not condemn another person to an dread fate which he ends up having when he is hanged at the end of this scene which is where the play becomes tragic.In conclusion i think John Proctor is a tragic hero because although he did some un-heroic things such as having an affair and sometimes being unnecessarily vicious he came through in the end, he tried to save his friends and wife, went up against the court and went up against Abigail. All those things show he helps, is honest and stands up for his cause which be all qualitys of a hero.He is a tragic hero because in the course of being a hero he died. This is not the only when tragic part though, the fact that nothing came from his closing for some time is also tragic, even though Abigail runs away he still gets hung because of how smart set was in th at time and also the court was to discomfit to admit it had been fooled. It was only some time later that the court in conclusion admitted everything.This comes back to the reason Miller wrote Proctor as he was. In the introduction of the book there is a quote from Miller truism the political question therefore, of whether witches and communists could be equated was no longer the point. What was manifestly latitude was the guilt, two centuries apart, of holding illicit, suppressed feelings of alienation and hostility toward standard, daylight society as defined by its most orthodox components. This shows that Miller is not comparing witches and communists, he is simply showing how closely related Americas emplacement was towards both and how they accused the standard, daylight society of crimes they had nothing to do with and how Miller, give care proctor, was risking everything to make a point. Olivia Lee 11. DM Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This st udent written piece of guide is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Abuse and Proper Discipline

I sacrifice experienced umteen things in my life. each(prenominal) of my life experiences have affected me in different ways. Some experiences were neat and some were non. The physical twist I experienced by my fetch was the most imp diddle experience. A parent is supposed to create a safe, stable, and loving home. Instead my spawn created a home of fear, instability, and inconsistency. This affected my fashion in take aim, and how I react to things later in life. I was born(p) in Florida.At the age of two my father moved me and my ternion brothers to forward-looking York. At this time my mother was not in the picture for unappreciated indicates. My father was avid alcoholic, and drank a lot. During his drunken rages he would call out me and my three brothers. My father moved us around a lot, and we never authentic eachy stayed In atomic number 53 place for very long. I was never sort of sure why this was, but I would guess t don maybe someone or somebody became s uspicious of what was taking place In our home. This resulted In us taking off before anyone could find out for sure.My father started beating us while he was drunk, but then at long last started abusing us while he was sober. It became a regular thing for us and almost expected. He would start to hit us based on his moods. If he had a bad day at work, or had a fight with one of his girlfriends. He would choke us, cowhand us, throw us, and has flat gone as far as burn my brothers arm on the stove. There were times that we did not eat for days. It was not because we did not have any food, but because he wanted to punish us. He alike kicked us out of the house, and make us sleep outside. Even In the winter.I was terrified of my father. Instead of Henning 2 growing up impressioning score it on and trust. I grew up feeling fear and pain. I would often envision sitcoms on TV, and wish that I could just jump into the screen. Daydreaming of a better life was something I did often. I wanted to leave, but this was in all I knew. This was my life and nothing was going to change it. My father did not only contumely me when I did wrong, but instead he would abuse me when he was in a foul mood. The abuse was inconsistent, and because of this my behavior was impacted. In school I would lash out at teachers, and was defiant.My father was not concerned with proper plain or punishment. I was more of a punching bag for his anger. Therefore I did not comprehend how to act or pay properly. I was uncontrollable in school. I would Jump on desks, and crawl underneath tables In the lunch room. I even threw chairs at the teacher when I did not want to do something she asked. I was uncivilised with my classmates, and disruptive. The bus ride to school was also a problem. I would endanger the safety of the other children by jumping over the seats, and disrupting the bus driver.It got would get letters and phone calls from the school, he did not seem to parcel out. My fa ther was more worried about what was going on in his world to care what was happening at my school. After a while the school decided I needed to be enrolled in a special school that was more equipped to handle my behavior issues. No one in the school system even thought twice about the discipline at home. If they had investigated our home they would have found out my father never disciplined us, but abused us instead.To this day I feel that proper discipline is needed for a child to grow up and become successful in life. The abuse started to get worse as we got former(a). He became a lot more aggressive. He even finish up sending me to the hospital for bashing my head on the bathroom floor. The reason for the more intense abuse was because of the increase in size of my older brother. My brother was getting older, and was able to fight back. Unfortunately my dad was let off Henning 3 a lot bigger than my brother. My dad would often punch holes in the walls when he was mad.One day I was picking at one of the holes in the wall that my father punched in. He walked by and saw me doing this. issue of nowhere he punched me right in the eye, and I went to school the next day with a black eye. This started causing a scene with my teachers and nurses. I went to school plenty of times with black eyes, and bruises. I could not understand why this one was any different. The ruse must have gotten downhearted and tired of seeing it, and finally acted. This caused an investigation, and at the age of eight geezerhood old I was removed from the hell that I called home.When I was creation removed from my home I remember seeing my neighbor with an unsurprised look on her face. This made me wonder if she had suspected the abuse all along. It also made me wonder how many others knew or suspected what was taken place in my home. After being removed from the house I called home. I was placed with a foster family. The first few months were great. I was not scared and looking over my shoulder anymore. I was intellectual and felt love for the first time. My foster mom made pancakes and sausages for eat in the mornings.I have never had anyone make breakfast for me before, and it was like heaven. I had warm bed to sleep in, and I even had a TV in my room. It might have seemed that my story was over. However the effects of the abuse were unbosom there, and my behaviors still caused many problems. Throughout my life I had to go through therapy to undo the damage my father caused. I had to relearn how to act and behave properly. Today I am a pretty sanguine person, and I do not like to use my past as a crutch. However I will not deny hat there are some lasting effects that the abuse still holds.Therapy was very successful for me. It help me deal with what happened, and encouraged me to move on with my life. However therapy cannot remove the memories and the experience. I will forever remember the abuse I endured. Henning 4 The abuse from my father affecte d me in many ways. I had to struggle, and was not able to have a normal childhood. I grew up in a home full of fear, and lacked the to relearn how to behave properly. I do not regret what happened in the past, for my past is distinguish of who I am. What I have been through and what I endured has only made me stronger.

India Shining Essay

It has been projected that by the year 2020, 62% of Indias population entrust be between the fester assort of 15 and 59 years. This is what is known as Indias demographic dividend. This means that tour the average age of citizens in other countries is on the rise, a mass of Indias population leave be in the employable age group. The straits that arises here and one that has been on the minds of many Indians is does the demographic dividend guard in it a ticking time bomb or will we be able to use this as an prospect to realize our pipe dream of India Shining?There has been a lot of talk roughly the opportunity divide in India. This Opportunity Divide is that by the year 2022, 800 meg stack will be in the working age group but out of these only 200 cardinal will be graduates while the remaining will be in the unskilled group. concord to research done by NSDC, between the year 2008 and 2022, 347 million jobs will be created across 22 different high growth sectors in Indi a. For example, the jobs available in the construction industry will be about 33 million, in the auto industry about 35 million, in infrastructure 103 million and in retail about 14 million jobs will be available.The interesting fact here is that India will pick up both the jobs as well as a matching demographic of population that will have the potential to carry out these jobs. The unbelief is will we be able to train so many nation? The Indian government has set a target of training cholecalciferol million people by the year 2022, but is this target achievable?The target definitely is a daunting number. As an Indian I do hope that this dream is realized and am proud to be working for an organization that has done some exemplary work in this field. Pratham Institute has trained over 70,000 people through its various vocational training programs and is in the process of training more. I hope that people who come across this blog also find a mode to contribute towards Indias fu ture. Maybe then well have the answer to the question raised by the title of this blog.

Personal Development

An insurance company has high levels of absenteeism among its staff. The calculate of administration argues that employees are misusing their leave benefits. However some female employees informed that their family matters come in with office plough. Using the MARS model, as well as your fellowship of absenteeism, discuss some of the possible causalitys for absenteeism and how to descend it. MARS Model seeks to explain somebody behavior as a result of internal and international factors or influences acting together.Individual behavior influenced by Motivation, Ability, Role perception and Situational factors (M. A. R. S). the great unwashed are not motivated to come to work since they dont relish a sense of self-satisfaction in completing their tasks, they dont see room for advancement, dont feel that they are getting paid enough, and dont like their co-workers (or more likely their boss). The live of absenteeism is extremely high. In able to diagnose absenteeism bother in the organization, a clearly distinction should be made between voluntary and unwilled absenteeism.Voluntary absenteeism is when employees have a choice of running(a) or not working and they intentionally decide to miss work. Involuntary absenteeism is when employees miss work for reason beyond their control. Some of the common reasons behind absenteeism are as infra * Serious accidents and illness * Low morale * Workload * Employee discontent with the work environment * Remuneration which continue returns during periods of illness or accident * The perpetuation of income shield plans (collective agreement ) * Poor working conditions * Boredom on the business concern Insufficient leadership and poor management * Personal problems (financial, marital, substance abuse, chela care etc. ) * Poor bodily fitness * The existence of income fortress plans (collective agreement ) * Transportation trouble * Stress There are poetry of strategies and approaches that can be adapted by orga nizations in order to reduce the level of absenteeism in their companies. According to Johnson et al. (2003), successful absenteeism management strategies begin with the effect that something can actually be done to reduce absenteeism.Managers need to preclude in mind that there is no one-size-fits all solution that is usurp for all organizations. Every organization is unique and absenteeism reduction strategies should be customized to the fussy work environment. Harris (2005) states that employers should distinguish between short- and long-term absence when dealing with the problem of absence. The author mentions that for short-term absence, an effective sickness absence policy should be implemented.This policy should indicate the procedure to be followed as well as the possible consequences of unacceptable sick leave levels. For long term absences, an employer should throttle record of these events as well as ensuring that medical certificates are supplied. In cases where emp loyees health is not improving and they are unable to perform their work, a fair incapacity process should be followed (Harris, 2005). REFERENCES Organization Behavior, The Management of individual and organizational performance by DAVID J. CHERRINGTON. Online Search.

Mark Zuckerberg

Running period THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD1 The Man Connecting the World Rachel Ritchey West Virginia Wesleyan College THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD2 My translation of victor is achieving a desirable outcome or goal in life and to achieve success one must illustrate the qualities Coplin states. throughout his life stigmatise Zuckerberg has certain the skills Coplin says in his heel of ten things and hold has efficiently demonstrate these qualities. Through his success tendency Zuckerberg has connected more than than half a billion large come up with the company Facebook.Even though there are many different definitions of success, it should be obvious that fortunate mess share common qualities such(prenominal) as those found in Bill Coplins list of 10 Things Employers Want Students to Learn in College. Reaching success was not easy however, Zuckerberg took the necessary steps to have got there. These steps include influencing people, solving problems, and using quantita tive skills. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg was natural on May 14, 1984 in Dobbs Ferry, new(a) York. His father ran a alveolar consonant practice, and his m early(a) was a psychiatrist up until the birth of Randi, his oldest sister.At a very other(a) age Mark started to become interested in computers. He developed his first software program at age 12. He created Zucknet, a messaging system from an Atari BASIC, and his father actu entirelyy put it to expend in his dental office. His parents soon hired a tutor to admit up with his budding interest in computers. Mark first accompanied high school at Ardsley High School, and around the same succession started taking some graduate courses at nearby Mercy College (Grossman, 2010). Soon, Zuckerberg transferred to Phillips Exeter academy, a private school in current Hampshire.There he excelled in academics, THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD3 but in any case disc both overed some other talent of which was, fencing. He was captain of the fen cing team but also, excelled more with computers as he developed a name for himself as a Programming Prodigy. His coterminous step in developing software was described as an early version of Pandora, named Synapse. Companies like Microsoft and AOL actu in ally offered to buy it off of him, and hire him out front he had even graduated high school. He declined both offers and determined to continue his quest for knowledge. (bio. 2011) Zuckerberg enrolled at Harvard in 2002 after graduating from Phillips Exeter Academy. By the cartridge holder he began his sophomore year he already had a spirit as the go-to software developer on campus. It was around this time he developed something called CourseMatch, a personal manner for scholarly persons to choose their classes based on what courses were popular with other partrs. Next he invented Facemash, a way to compare two students pictures and vote on who is more attractive. Immediately Facemash became extremely popular, but was shut d hold because administration deemed it inappropriate.With the popularity of Marks other projects, third of his fellow students Divya Narendra, Camron Winklevoss, and Tyler Winklevoss, approached him one day about an idea called Harvard connection. They precious to use Harvards student intercommunicates to create a dating land site. Mark hold to help, but soon moved on with his own ideas. (bio. , 2011) Zuckerbergs impudently idea was to create his own mesh with various features for users. So, along with another three friends Dustin Moskovitz, Chris Hughes, THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD4 nd Eduardo Saverin they worked together to create their own loving mesh topology. They developed a site users could create their own profiles, upload photos, and prattle to other users. They called this site, The Facebook, and ran it out of their Harvard dorm room from February 2004 to June 2004. Mark then took a huge risk, dropped out of Harvard, and moved to Palo Alto, California to devote his time altogether on The Facebook. At this time users were strictly students at Harvard, but the site then opened to Ivy League schools only.The Facebook was shortened to just Facebook, and by the end of 2004 the site had one million users. (bio. , 2011) This brings me to an inevitable quality Mark shares with Coplins ten things, Using Quantitative Skills. He has been creating software since he was about twelve years old, which had brought him to where he is today, as a software programmer and developer. He attended one of the most accredited schools of all-time, Harvard University. This serves as an example of how well educated he is just in all areas of academics.Another thing Coplin states is, Performance will be measured in numbers just as the performance of your company or theatrical is measured in the number of sales, the amount of income, or number of people served. (Coplin, 2003) Zuckerberg is well aware of applying this to his company as CEO and founder of Facebook. He must constantly pay attention to these parts of business because of the number of people he is serving. THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD5 Facebooks next boost came from the profess capital firm Accel Partners, with an investment of $12. 7 million dollars in their network (Kirkpatrick, 2010).This led to the expansion of Facebook, which then opened to other colleges, high schools, and external schools. By December 2005 they reached 5. 5 million members. With Facebooks popularity, other companies wanted to advertise on the site, but Zuckerberg turned down their offers. (bio. , 2010) Common with all big companies, at some refer they face problems. Unfortunately in 2006 the three students that Mark helped make Harvard connection with forced him into a lawsuit. They claimed that he stole their idea and after lawyers found incriminating messages from Zuckerberg, they came to a settlement.Although it was a $65 million dollar settlement, the dispute still continues today. (bio. , 2011) The next inclination Zuckerberg faced took more of a toll on his reputation. In 2009, Ben Mezrich wrote a book called The Accidental Billionaires. Mezrich retold the story of Zuckerbergs life, but heavily false it. He included invented scenes, imagined dialogue and fictional characters. Not only did he manage to cause controversy with his book, but also he genuinely sold the rights of the story to screenwriter Aaron Sorkin.Sorkins portrayal of Marks life was called The Social Network, which went on to be nominated for eight Academy Awards, and take home an Oscar for best picture. Mark strongly opposed the postulates storyline and went on to say, Its interesting what stymie they focused on THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD 6 getting right like, every wiz shirt and fleece that I had in that movie is actually a shirt or fleece that I own, so theres all this stuff that they got wrong and a bunch of random details that they got right. (bio. , 2011) Developing such an influential company ma kes him somewhat of a target.He is constantly cladding problems, and coming up with new solutions. Therefore another skill he possesses is Solving conundrums. He has always under the pressure of creating something pleasing for Facebook users. The blade page regularly changes formats, and introduces new features. One thing Coplin directly says is, Problem solvers are into continuous improvement. (Coplin, 2003) Marks problem solving skills were also useful when it came to problems in his personal life. He has encountered lawsuits and found a way to settle and move past.Along with lawsuits, the public criticism hes faced was handled maturely and with integrity. In spite of all the criticism, and negative forwarding he still received recognition for his accomplishments. In 2010, Time cartridge clip named him Person of the year. (Grossman, 2010) Vanity Fair placed him at the top of their New Establishment list and named him number one on its 2010 list of the go by 100 most influen tial people of the Information Age. Forbes ranked Zuckerberg at No. 35beating out Apple CEO Steve Jobs on the Forbes 400 list. Marks net worth was is an estimated $6. billion dollars. (bio. , 2011) Marks wealth has do him a billionaire six times over (Grossman, 2010). THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD 7 With the cash hes earn through his hard work, hes decided to involve himself in philanthropic causes. He donated 100 million dollars to save the failing Newark ordinary Schools system in New Jersey. On December 9, 2010, Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, and investor warren Buffett signed the Giving Pledge, promising to donate at to the lowest degree 50 percent of their wealth to charity over the course of their lifetimes. bio. , 2011) He not only wants to help people connect with the social network hes created but he wants to help charitable causes with the money he worked so hard for. With the company make has created, he has fit out about a twelfth of humanity into a single network (Gross man, 2010). When relating Zuckerberg to Coplins list of ten things, virtually any of them can be applied but the most obvious one in my printing is Influencing People. He not only influences people through charities but all the way through the social network he has created.Nearly half of all Americans have a Facebook account, and 70% of Facebook users live outside the U. S. (Grossman, 2010). This just goes to enter the number of people he reaches and has an impact on. Facebook has 800 million active users and is before long growing at a rate of about 700,000 people a day (Duff, 2010). Like Coplin says find the basic need, or the main gunpoint of interest and stick to it (Coplin, 2003). Mark undoubtedly found a point of interest for the world. Mark Zuckerberg is someone that has the qualities Coplin says that employers value and he has demonstrated them throughout his life.Bill Coplins THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD 8 list of 10 Things Employers Want Students to Learn in College s erves as an example of the qualities of happy people. When applying the ten things to a successful person Zuckerbergs life serves as the perfect example. His success story shows the way to develop yourself to reach success by using the same things Coplin states in his list of ten things. He has basically created the social network that has taken over the world. The accomplishments he has made are something that we witness, and we are impacted by his success in our own lives everyday.THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD9 References Coplin, B. (2003). 10 things employers want you to learn in college. Berkeley, California ten-spot Speed Press. Cooper, C. (2011). The future according to Zuckerberg All Facebook, all the time. Retrieved September 23, 2011, from http//www. cbsnews. com/stories/2011/09/22/scitech/main20110419. s hypertext mark-up language Kirkpatrick, D. (2010). The Facebook effect The inside story of the company that is connecting the world (1st Simon & Schuster hardcover ed. ed . ). New York Simon & Schuster.Grossman L. (2010). Person of the year. Retrieved Dec/15, 2010, from http//www. time. com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2036683_2037183,00. html Mark Zuckerberg. (2011). Biography. com. Retrieved 0745, Nov 13, 2011 from http//www. biography. com/people/mark-zuckerberg-507402 Duff, C. (Producer), &. (2010). One minute on Facebook. Video/DVD Retrieved from THE MAN CONNECTING THE WORLD10 http//www. time. com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2036683_2037109_2037113,00. html

Economic cooperation Essay

Talks on economic cooperation between china and the US ended with a broad covenant on key fall out strategies to help their economies recover. The US agreed on inducing fiscal break from the personal until the federal level and China, to bolster domestic spending. The talks also resolved to cooperate in combating climate change by transformation to low-carbon economies as they progress and reinforce their current economic standing.The talks bequeath make the political process focus on the economic personal line of credit and fiscal constraints as a new strategy to revive the thriftiness for the US, and increasing government spending and relying less on foreign consume for China. Of course, these strategies could go under fire from some political opposition and criticism, only when the backing of a foreign agreement could bolster support for twain agreed positions for economic recovery both from the government and the grassroots. Policies and ordinances could be prompted t o be enacted to follow through with the agreement with China and vice versa.Campaigns on the fasten of belts from the organizational to the soulfulness level can be expected from the government. NGOs and otherwise organizations can strongly advocate for these policies or criticize them either way. This agreement can make the government and the citizens work spate in hand to create a political environment where cooperation is paramount to dig the countries out of their financial pothole. The general direction of the talks, however is geared more toward the program line that a change in spending habits by the government, by the individual and by the organization should be limited and focus more on saving.Many would go toward this direction as the difficulties of the economic meltdown relate many people, forcing them to go for bargains if they cant afford not to spend. China, on the other hand can be seen to use the same flak the US used during the financial difficulties in the 1950s. http//edition. cnn. com/2009/POLITICS/07/28/china. remark/index. html? iref=newssearch U. S. , China agree on economic strategies July 29, 2009 Updated 1017 GMT (1817 HKT)

National Museum of the Philippines Essay

Located at Padre Burgos Street, Manila City, sat the two branches of The National Museum of the Philippinesthe National bearing of Art and the Museum of the Filipino People, where we went first. As we enter the hall mood that leads to the first stem exhibits, we were greeted by a inseparable Nipa hut complete with things that our ancestors utilise in the past. That same floor also houses the San Diego wreck site though it is a restricted area.We then went up to the next floor where it features the overture of the Spaniard merchant vessels in our country, our contacts with the other countries in terms of trade and commerce, as well as the Linnaeus and the Linnaeans. At the third floor, there were three galleries The livestock (Pinagmulan), where it presents information on the origin of the Philippines and its people. It retold the story of how the Filipinos lived during the four pre-historic period palaeolithic Neolithic Metal and Ceramic Age.The second gallery is the Filipinos Today (Kinahinatnan), which features the recreation of our culture because of the influences of different countries and how colorful and beautiful it is. The run gallery is the archaeological Treasures (Kaban ng Lahi), that showcases the burial jar collection and the importance of burial practice. The delay floor was divided into two galleries. First one is the Kisame Visions of Earth on Heaven that exhibits scores of photographs of ceiling paintings from Bohol colonial churches. It obviously displayed the religiosity of the Filipinos.The last gallery is all about the Biodiversity Exhibit, which shows the various flora and fauna in the country. After a couple of hours in the Museum of the Filipino People, we headed to National gallery of Art. Although it is under renovation, it still welcomed visitors for free The first gallery is called The Hall of get the hang as it features the works of 19th century Filipino painters, Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo. The main hook is the very famous Spolarium by Luna and opposite to it is Hidalgos The Assasination of Governor Bustamante and his news.As we move to the second floor, there is the fantastic Bones Exhibit. It displayed the gaunt remains of different animalsfrom mammals (including that of a human) to reptiles, to crustaceans and birdsthat can be seen in the Philippines. At the center of the gallery is the humongous bone of a juvenile spermatozoan whale. The last gallery on the third floor features the clothing of native Filipinos, and how it was made. REACTION It was actually my first time to visit these museums and I was genuinely glad that I already had the chance to.Although we spent almost v hours around the museum, I personally regret nothing. Every bit is expenditure the time. Seeing all those exhibits renewed my nationalistic heart and Im more proud now to be a Filipino, realizing that we have tons of artistic countrymen and that there works are worthy of admirations. Im also more aware now of our culture and how colorful it actually is. I was really happy to see how our ancestors lived and how it evolved to our current lifestyle. I agnise that why patronize foreign culture if you have your own that is way fun, right?

Hrm About Alibaba

1. Introduction Alibaba free radical is the worlds outstanding business-to-business e-commerce service company, which provides an efficient online trading platform for buyers and suppliers all over the world. It is mainland chinawares largest e-commerce group which was founded by scalawag Ma in 1999, and has developed into s all the same affiliated groups, namely Alibaba multinational Business Operations, Alibaba Small Business Operations, Taobao Marketplace, Tmall. com, Juhuasuan, e-Tao and Alibaba Cloud Computing (News, 2012).Besides, Alibaba company has more(prenominal) than 24,000 employees in 70 cities which scattered in China, India, Japan, Korea, the united Kingdom and the United States (News, 2012). This report leave focus on depth psychology for Alibaba roots pitying imagery counseling, in order to reply the demand of its future developings. 2. Background to the discipline study nerve Alibaba Group has purposen a hit as a result that a part of its employees w ere guilty of online twaddleulent activities and dogmatic short-term profit.The announcement of the company showed that nearly 100 employees including sales staffs, manager and supervisor, had conspired to the fraud by deliberately alleviateing fake suppliers in China to register with avoiding the company scrutiny and allowing them to defraud oversea buyers on the Alibabas international website (Nytimes, 2011). Surprisingly, these allegedly fraudulent online shops account for 1. 1% and 0. 8% of Alibabas Gold Suppliers signed up during 2009 and 2010 respectively, which has impacted on the company think of and produced a shock to mass beliefs (Economist, 2012).Thirteen people were sentenced ranging from eight months to three historic period in jail after conspiring with suppliers to gain illegally around RMB 500,000 yuan in this online fraud (Nytimes, 2011). 3. Outline of People Management Issues This create it off associate to the credibility ofAlibaba is directly due to t he internal defects in vigilance, the deprivation of inside supervision and few controls of the internal culture. Moreover, the deep-rooted former should be the problems of its compassionate picks counselling. Lacking of a set of scientific and effective control and management system cannot guarantee the mplementation of building both core value and initiative culture of Alibaba. Therefore, the outline of this report some the human resource management issue behind the online fraud of Alibaba is as follows. On the unrivalled hand, the management and supervision system has problems. Alibaba Group has not supervised the management in the process of dealing with related complaints about fraud happened between 2009 and 2010, even though some suspected online trading accounts had been deleted and specific inquiries of its international trade transaction had been conducted since the beginning of the triad quarter in 2010.It appears that in this issue managers ignored fraudulent behaviours behind the performance-chasing. However, in the statement said by Mr. Ma, it was not allowed to violate business honest principal or the staple fiber line of company values (BBC, 2012). Although managers in Alibaba Group have to take responsibilities for the consequences, it cannot be denied that the fraud completey exposed that the lack of internal control, specially the supervision and administration of the management, is one of reasons lead to exacerbate the federal agency.Additionally, the event of online fraud has been doomed from the start to some extent. With the accelerating pace of internationalisation, the number of employees which quickly change magnitude from 11,700 in 2009 to 24,000 in 2012 has become a significant challenge that threats the development of Alibaba Group (Hua, 2012). However, weak awargonness of the human resource control among Alibaba Groups executives sets the stage for this online fraud scandal in China. On the other hand, the compa ny may not satisfy the physical and emotional need of its employees.Both the greedy believe and the mental instability are the internal reason behind the problem. 4. Analysis (linked to HRM theory) There is always a kind of mental motivations behind any subjective action, and the online fraud scandal of the Alibaba Group is no exception. This report will start the analysis from the view of internal motivations and whence moving to the external causes. 4. 1 Internal reasons According to the perspective of Abraham Maslow who is intumesce known for the hierarchy of needs theory, the pattern of behaviours based on individualist needs (Poston, 2009).The following are psychological requirements which could associate with the fraudulent behaviours of officers at Alibaba in term of the greedy desire, the psychological imbalance and herd mentality. 4. 1. 1 The greedy desire It is punishing to satisfy individual demands because everyone would move to the following(a) more advanced platform of the hierarchical pyramid that Maslow created frequently at a time the prior need is met, especially in modern society.Meanwhile, when setting Maslows model into the business to understand the motivation behind employees behaviours, it is not fearsome to find that there are also have similar cardinal levels of needs which including wages, galosh, social belongingness, self-esteem and finally self-actualization. Maslow and Stephens (2000) have posited out that individuals will not spend an inordinate amount of time to think about their salaries if they are passably paid. After being paid adequate salary, employee seeks safety physically and mentally on the credit lines.And then the stage of needs moves to the third level subsequently-seeking social belongingness in the workplace. Although the working environment is always full of stress and difficulties, training provides opportunities for employees to improve themselves and contact with new people which could help t hem to fit in. Until the employee make themselves comfortable among disparate working relationship, it will not allowed to access to the hierarchy stage of self-esteem and self-actualization respectively.Unfortunately, after employees have been satisfactory with all these five levels of needs, the worldview, philosophy and value view of them will be generally changed in a climate of hunchedion. With the early success of corrupt deals by heads of the sales department at Alibaba, they would have an addictive soul of satisfaction and accomplishment which lead to those guilty behaviours for greater refer reverberate again and again naturally. In Skinnners reinforcement theory, Skinner (1984) has cadaverous attention to the fact that appropriate reinforcement based on humankind consequence may influence verbal response.It means that individuals would reinforce a kind of behaviour once its consequence benefit to them. Therefore, it makes sense that managers at Alibaba will help to defraud if dynamically taking managers greedy desire into tump overation. 4. 1. 2 The psychological imbalance Employees of equal position and qualification serviced in the parallel department with the same salary may have quite a various perceptions of the fairness. When they perceives the disparity between the inputs and the outputs,different responds will be excepted in various ways, including de-motivation, reduced effort, becoming disgruntled and even disruptive.According to the Equity hypothesis of Adams, an individual will perceive the ratio of inputs to the outcomes depend not completely on the absolute value just also in the sexual congress value in order to measure whether himself or herself is treated fairly or not (Adams et al, 1976). This can be illustrated by the following equation Individuals outcomes/individuals own inputs = relational helpers outcomes/relational partners inputs (Adams et al, 1976). Equity is considered when this ratio is equal. spell if thi s ratio is unequal, it leads to equity tension which was called the negative tension state by Adam (1976).Meanwhile, it will motivate him or her to do something to relieve this tension. Therefore, it is wherefore some leading cadres at Alibaba Group may feel sick(p) and help to defraud which negatively impact on the credibility of the company. With the rapid expansion of international business scale in the development of Alibaba Group, they consider their contribution to the company is greater than the return. As a result, corruption was caused in secret by the combination of selfish desire and power without supervision. 4. 2 remote reasons 4. 2. 1 OpportunityThe officers participated in the fraud are almost from a high-powered job position in Alibaba Group and own significant resource and privileges in the company. Therefore, it is easy for them to commit a crime with close interest people once they are lured by short-term profits. 4. 2. 2 The lack of control and management s ystem It is not just incorrect psychological requirement or the unsound political system is blamed for bearing corruption, the lack of core value and culture control of the company is one of the significant factors which could not be ignored.The development of supervision before the event, at present and after the event all depends on the growth of the first step culture. Thus, if the pre-supervision runs into a problem, it represents the failure in enterprise culture management. There are six core values guide Alibaba Groups operations and operate its culture, which including customer first, teamwork, embrace change, integrity passion and commitment (News, 1999). However, it is difficult to transform corporate culture into practice to some extent.Meanwhile, with the rapidly change magnitude number of employees in Alibaba Group, the previous culture management has to further improve. organizational culture diagnoses and cultural examines, for example, can give an accurate pictu re of an organizations current management system (Mason, 2012). 5. Critical Reflection on group presentation Because our group has not given the presentation to the class, I could just conclud some limitation about the analysis of this report. Due to the theories of human resource management are not fully understood, the analysis of the oddball study about the Alibaba Group is not in-depth and incomplete.Moreover, the report has only provided skin-deep explanations of the issue because of the insufficient knowledge of Alibaba Group and the limitation of those methods linked with. Besides, the recommendations have not taken everything into consideration. They are too abstract and theoretical that are not seen as scientific, feasible suggestions in practice. However, analysing the issue of human resource management in the view of psychology is an innovative point of this report. 6. Recommendations 6. 1 Strengthen job rotation system in the key positionAlibaba Group should strengthen the job rotation system to avoid the corruption, especially in some key positions. According Shalley and Oldham (2004), employees will have job burnout of different extents as well as reduction of creativity after 6 years working in the same position. However, if the company could do the job rotation periodically and provide support to any employees transitioning out of the company, the situation will be changed as it not only prevents managers from increasing spheres of influence, but also gives opportunities to employees to gain experience in their professions. 6. 2 Establish the weapon of risk managementRisk management of all positions in the internal enterprise is an important part of the management system. Alibaba Group should clear the level of risk in different position and establish an internal regulatory system which includes coadjutor review mechanism, department regulatory system, internal audit and external audit mechanisms to look mutual supervision avoid unnecessar y credit losses. 6. 3 Establish psychological management mechanism It is necessary to give psychological training programme at least once a month for intensifying the efforts of anti-corruption and enhancing the management of core value and culture in Alibaba Group.Besides, pertinent department would better assign a special supervisor to enquire the staff on suspicion of corruption. 6. 4 Improve the mechanism of incentives and restrictions Alibaba Group should keep its employees hold the sense of crisis and responsibility and correct the psychological imbalance at the same time, such as using gaming-style leader boards to push internal competition or offer appropriate prizes to the most sure-fire one. 6. Improve the standard system of selection and appointment Alibaba Group should elbow grease to improve the standard system of selection in order to ensure the person employed has higher organizational commitment. Additionally, it is necessary to introduce different kinds of meth ods of personal testing and assessment which combine the enterprise culture into the evaluation. References Mason, K. (2012). intercommunicate a new business-to-business relationship Corporate identity and the emergence of a relationship identity. European Journal of Marketing, 46 (7), p. 684-711. Poston, B. (2009). Maslows Hierarchy of Needs.The functional Technologist, 8 p. 348-353. forthcoming at http//www. astd2007. ast. org/publications/Journal%20Archive/2009/8_August_2009/CE. pdf Accessed 03 Nov 2012. ADAMS, J. S. , BERKOWITZ, L. , HATFIELD, E. (1976). Equity theory toward a general theory of social interaction. New York, Academic Press. Bbc. co. uk (2011). BBC News China arrests 36 for fraud on Alibaba and other sites. online Available at http//www. bbc. co. uk/ tidings/business-13986308 Accessed 1 Nov 2012. Economist. com (2012). An online-fraud scandal in China Alibaba and the 2,236 thieves The Economist. online Available at http//www. economist. com/blogs/newsbook/20 11/02/online-fraud_scandal_china Accessed 05 Nov 2012. Harpercollins. com (2008). wander Inside In Search of Excellence Lessons from Americas Best-Run Companies by Thomas J. Peters, Robert H. Waterman, Jr.. online Available at http//www. harpercollins. com/browseinside/index. aspx? isbn13=9780060548780 Accessed 09 Nov 2012. Hua, T. (2012). Alibaba and the 2,236 thieves. Business Management, Iss. 5 p. 12-13. MASLOW, A. H. , & STEPHENS, D. C. (2000). The Maslow business reader. New York, N. Y. , J.Wiley. News. alibaba. com (2012). Alibaba Group. online Available at http//news. alibaba. com/specials/aboutalibaba/aligroup/group_news. html Accessed 02 Nov 2012. News. alibaba. com (1999). Alibaba Group. online Available at http//news. alibaba. com/specials/aboutalibaba/aligroup/culture_values. html Accessed 05 Nov 2012. Nytimes. com (2011). David Wei and Elvis Lee go Alibaba Amid Fraud Inquiry NYTimes. com. online Available at http//www. nytimes. com/2011/02/22/business/ planetary/22al ibaba. html Accessed 02 Nov 2012. Shalley, C. and Oldham , G. (2004).The Effects of Personal and Contextual Characteristics on Creativity Where Should We Go from Here? Journal of Management, 30 (6), p. 933-958. Skinner, B. (1981). Selection by consequences. Science, 212 (4507), p. 501-504. Skinner, B. (1984). The operational analysis of psychological terms. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7 (4), p. 547-553. Available at http//web. comhem. se/u68426711/rft/Skinner%201945%20The%20operational%20analysis%20of%20psychological%20terms. pdf Accessed 06 Nov 2012. SUZANNE, B. And STEPHEN, D. (2003). Understanding and motivating health care employees

Communication in Social Work Practice Essay

1 companionable bat Theory & Pr goice. The Importance of talk Sk reverses in affectionate take on Practice. Introduction. fond browse is a professional activity. Implicit in its practice argon ethical principles, which prescribe the professional responsibility of the societal prole. The primary im psycheal of the code of ethics is to make implicit principles explicit for the protection of thickenings. (BASW, 1976). harmonise to Thompson (2000) cordial live on involves working with some of the most disadvantaged sections of the community and with tribe who, for a variety of reasons, ar experiencing major(ip) problems and distress, often with unmet inescapably and new(prenominal) difficulties that may at condemnations seem intractable. Lishman (1994) purports a broader definition of brotherly Work, which involves entering into the bouncings of people who argon in distress, conflict or 2 trouble. To do this requires not only technical competence further ove rly qualities of integrity, genuineness and self- aw be(predicate)(p)ness.The rally Council for Education and Training in well-disposed work (United Kingdom) has also set out warmheartedness skills and characteristics for Social work outlined as follows The greatness of being able to pass a musical mode and engage, To be able to promote and change, To give triumph in planning and accessing in validation, step in appropriately and providing services when necessary, working(a) competently with other governments, Developing general professional competence. So not only do hearty plant life take up to adhere to ethics and values, they essential also look inner(a) themselves as people and seek out the skills necessary to work with variant leaf node coming upons and organisations. As menti wholenessd, parley skills are vit every(prenominal)y fundamental, a bulky with earreach and analytical skills.Look more neighborly mold theories es opine alone it is also very important that the cordial worker be aware of him/herself, of 3 handing feelings or emotions that may arise finished this line of work. observance is an important aspect, as well as creativity, sensitivity and humility. A major step forward in contemporary practice was the learning of a Code of Ethics (1995), which further be kindly work as The primary focus of mixer work is working with individuals, families, and groups inside their social context. Through the training, acquaintance and skills which support a high standard of professionalism, the social work task is to alleviate and enable clients to identify options and make decisions for themselves so that they may develop strategies to effect improvement in the quality of their lives.Social work also foc intakes on issues of social policy, social administration and social justice and the betterment of society as a whole (IASW, 1995 1). impressive social work requires a multitude of interconnecting acquaintance and s kills backed up by the values, which underpin 4 good social work practice. To be able to provide a good service the social worker inescapably to be able to refer to, or call upon a wide body of knowledge. This knowledge base is quite extensive and detailed, as Thompson (2000,p73) points out, practitioners are not realistically expected to know all of this knowledge base. However a certain level of knowledge is essential, for example knowledge of the basics, things such(prenominal) as relevant offsetislation, theories and techniques conglomerate in a view case.Knowledge of society and the social processes and institutions is also crucial to the component part of a social worker, as these are the very fabric of the profession. No aggregate of knowledge, on its own, at least, gage be telling without the possession of skills to act upon it. Thompson (2000,p82) defines a skill as the ability to carry out a particular activity effectively and consistently over a extremity of tim e. The skills with which a social worker is armed essential be subroutine in conjunction with the knowledge base to reflect the values, principles, and beliefs associated with the profession. There is a wide range of skills involved in high quality social work from basic discourse skills to analytical, presentational, and management skills.Because of the often-sensitive nature of 5 situations social workers washbowl find themselves in, the ability to be patient and generalizeing is important. Working with children and families is one of the largest areas covered by social work. Insofar as a social worker may be dealing with an individual client, that clients place in the family drive out be of critical importance to any assessment. When working with families it is important not to try to mirror ones reports of how a family functions. The challenge for the social worker when working with a family is not to generalise nevertheless to try to understand how does this family work ? Coulshed et al (1998,p171).When dealing with a family it is very important to remain impartial, to take the time to listen to everyones point of view. This approach is more likely to boost discussion and sharing in which the worker is free to engage and retire when the need arises, Coulshed et al (1998,p175). Another area which social workers are involved is with groups. This is somewhat disparate to the family situation. It also shares things in common with community work. The role of a social worker as a facilitator or attraction of a group has many levels. At different stages the worker has to be central, pivotal, peripheral, 6 and central at once again, Coulshed et al (1998,p198).The various stages of group schooling and the guinea pig of the stages outlined by Tuchman and Jensen, in Coulshed et al (1998,p198) names these stages as forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. The role and tasks of the social worker are to uphold procure group members involve d and to encourage the development of a group bond. In the process of doing this s/he moldiness be alert to stray members, dominant members and conflict within the group, to develop positively the dynamics of the group and achieve a desired outcome, while meeting the needs of all the group members impartially and without bias. Community social work requires the social worker to develop a more flexible approach requiring such skills as recognising and validating skills and interventions.Traditional social work skills may need to be adapted to fit into the community context. Network building can also be a part of the process for a social worker, for example, to introduce a group of people together who beat similar concerns but are not in a position to facilitate this formation themselves. 7 In each of the above scenarios, the social worker must adapt to the different settings and the piece of individuals that may be present and and then use the most effective form of communicatio n and tools necessary to communicate at different levels, whether that involves one individual, several people or a large group. Effective Communication. Effective communication is an essential component of traditional social work activities e.g. providing basic care, giving advice, do assessments, counselling, writing reports and p set uping as clients advocates.It is equally necessary for social workers to surrender effective communication skills if they are to promote self-help and em rolement. Verbal communication is what we say and allows questioning, reflection, focusing, summarising, gainsay and confrontation. Verbal communication involves the use of language. The skills involved in pursue, listening, negotiating and challenging are equally relevant to communication in work groups and multi-disciplinary teams. all commitment to the empowerment of social work clients is meaningless if their 8 views are neither sought nor taken into trace. Silverman (1969) emphasises the importance of a non-judgemental approach.There are three main areas of knowledge and experience were valued by clients are outlined by Rees and Wallace (1982), cited in Lishman (1994) clients valued workers who had profuse experience of life to listen non-judgementally to what they had to say, Clients valued workers who had complete life experience to understand clients problems from their own experience, Clients appreciated specialised knowledge and training.Kinds of Communication. Symbolic communication. Symbolic communication involves conduct, actions or communications, which represent or denote something else. As social workers we need to be aware of the potential meaning of 9 our representation, actions and aspects of our working environment. For example, punctuality, dress and layout of the consultation mode are all important aspects of symbolic communication. Proximity needs to be considered in relation to orientation. Sommer and Cook (1968) explored different seatin g positions and found consequence which suggested that sitting a bigside a soulfulness implies cooperation, opposite a person competition and at right angles to each other equality of status. thereof sitting tush a des, directly opposite a client, has distancing and power implications but also may be confrontational.Although, There are no fixed rules or so posture being too relaxed may film power and inattentiveness, being too rigid, tension, anxiety and authority. As social workers we need to be aware of such subliminal reinforcement and to use it discriminatingly. Non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication outlined by Sutton (1979) suggests that while spoken communication is touch primarily with 10 study giving, non-verbal communication is the music behind the words transfer feelings or attitudes. Understanding people or social perception is come to with the course in which people form impressions of others and make inferences about the causes of their demeano r to enable them to predict and control their own social reality, understanding the causes and motives behind behaviour is Nonverbal Communication or NVB. Nonverbal communication NVB is the way in which people communicate intentionally or unintentionally without the use of words.Expressions, gestures, posture, touch, in the flesh(predicate) space, eye contact and tone of voice are utilize to express emotions, use up attitudes, regulate and control speech and communicate personal characteristics. NVB are examined in two ways Information touch on how do people interpret sign(a) cues? What kinds of inferences do we make about peoples intentions based on these cues, Impression management. Michael Argyle (1988) suggested that NVB is important for Expressing emotion, transfer attitudes, 11 Communicating ones get in traits, Facilitating verbal communications. Patterson (1983) suggests that NVB look a number of particular functions in social fundamental interactions including Expr essing intimacy, Regulating the socio-economic class of interactions, Exercising social control and dominance.Druckman (1982) outlined five principal uses to which NVB is normally puzzle To communicate pre-articulated feelings, feelings that cannot be put into words, To provide cues to tuition processing modify us to guess at what another person is opinion or feeling, To serve as emphases in persuasive appeals to enhance our success at persuading others, To facilitate deception, To convey subtle messages. 12 The characteristics of NVB were outlined by Dittman (1984). There are users and sources of NVB, nonverbal behaviours are sent by encoders and accredited by decoders through a variety of different channels. Channels of nonverbal communication include facial expression, eye contact, gestures, touch, paralanguage or nonverbal elements of speech and spatial behaviour.A number of channels are utilise simultaneously to send a particular worked up message. Behaviours sent are in tentionally controlled while behaviours may be received with different levels of awareness. nearly messages are received in climb awareness and as think by the sender, whereas other messages are deliberately kept out of full awareness and may distort the intention of the sender. A number of different categories of NVB exist according to Ekman and Friesen (1969) Emblems these are movements that are communicative substitutes for words i.e. Handshaking. Illustrators these are movements that accompany speech and accent i.e. rapping a table. Regulators these are movements that maintain or signal a change in the speaker/ listener roles i.e. transfer nods. 13 Affect displays these are facial expressions that are used to convey emotions Adapters these are self and object manipulations, which relate to an individual stirred, need or state. Mehrabian (1972) suggested that NVBs were important for indicating a persons social orientation. Social orientation can be summarised in ter ms of marks each dimension reveals some aspect of a persons intention and pauperization for interacting. gibe to Cook (1968) NVB are used to gain fuller descriptions of individuals when small(a) information is available which we use to fill in the missing information about people, and guide our behaviour while interacting. One further way of determining what people think and feel is to try to provide explanations for wherefore they be charter in particular ways to reveal the motives and intentions behind their actions.This process is referred to as Casual Attribution and is concerned with understanding the reasons behind the behaviour of others. NVB are intended to provide us with clues to how a person feels, enabling us to predict and control our interactions with them. When information is missing implicit personality theories are used to fill in the gaps in our knowledge about a person. 14 Verbal communication. Language consists of symbols that convey meaning, rules for combi ning those symbols that can be used to generate an infinite variety of messages. concourse use spoken sound and written words to represent objects, actions, events and ideas, and can be combined in an infinite variety of ways to generate an perpetual array of novel messages.Written reports and records. According to Lishman (1994) ball-hawking are conditioned in action, with practise and feedback, written reports and succinct record keeping enable the aforementioned to happen. Hargie (1986) acknowledges criticism that social work records and reports are often lengthy, discursive and anecdotal and suggests written reports should be make water, concise and concentrate on the important features of the case. OHagan (1986) calls arrangement a crucial learning tool. He argues that after a crisis, detailed scrutiny is 15 essential. much(prenominal) rearrange facilitates learning and self-awareness by a review of the behaviour, feelings, and interactions of all participants includin g the worker.Doel and Lawson (1986) found that once workers had developed an interactive recording style, using consultation time to record the work, the quantity of written material was reduced because it becomes more rivet. The South eastern Health Board (1988) suggest that record keeping and good recording techniques are of vital importance in maintaining good housekeeping practice, facilitating right and maintaining the utmost confidentiality. Under the Freedom of Information Act 1997 asserts that the client can request to access to view/ copy their records at a subsequent date. Therefore it is vitally important that all written records be update and regularly reviewed. However there are exemptions to the above, which are also include in the FOI Act provisions.According to the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, tocology and Health visiting (1993) the purpose of written records is to To provide an accurate, current, comprehensive and concise information on the clie nt from the initial assessment onwards, 16 including a record of any factors (physical, psychological or social) that appear to affect the client, To facilitate continuity, To provide a record of any problems that may arise and the solution taken, To provide evidence of continuing assessments, To record the chronology of events and the reasons for any decisions may, To provide a baseline record against which improvement can be judged, To improve communication in the midst of all members of the healthcare team. Lishman (1994) suggests that statements made by the client during interview and subsequent assessments should include the clients statements.There is also a legal obligation by social workers to maintain written records, the hinderance being on good practice by practitioners. The role of communication. 17 Communication is a crucial aspect of organising each and every interaction mingled with the people who constitute the organisation is communication. Communication will be more likely to be good if it has been worked at constantly and not only in emergencies. McKenna (1991) suggests that communication is not simply a proposition of sending messages to and from mingled with individuals and groups. It involves being aware of and understanding the experience of other people.This means knowing about the work they do and their perception of their situation. According to McKenna (1991) good level communication between managers and vertical communication between managers and their work force are essential if role and job conflicts is to be avoided. It therefore appears that while managers at top and line management levels sees themselves as doing a good job in communicating with their immediate subordinates, those subordinates do not feel this is the case. Effective communication must be two-way. It must run from top to bottom and bottom to top vertical communication, and it must flow to and from between people at the alike level within the organisatio n horizontal communication.The so-called ordinary members control much of what happens to horizontal 18 communication. This is communication between people on the same graded level in an organisation and involves communication between colleague such has team leaders, or team members. Dutfield and Eling (1990) note that effective communication between people involves skills in Eliciting information, Presenting information, Managing the emotional content of the en prognosticates. Skills in eliciting information Questions are the most obvious way of eliciting information in any situation but they may be formulated in a number of ways Open questions give the other person an opportunity to put forward their point of view without constraints, Closed questions are more focused and usually allow a simple yes or no character reference answers, Specific questions focus on facts.The second step in effective presentation of information involves checking that the information has been recei ved and understood, 19 an opportunity is inclined to ask questions, having a discussion, feedback and asking questions. Dutfield and Eling suggest that managing the emotional moveions of people in formal or informal interviews and at meetings. Emotions enter in when the person gets personally involved. This means that the core part of our self-concept appears to be under attack. We react defensively. Emotional reactions are themselves information and as such they take up part of our information processing capacity. For these reasons the skilful handling of the emotional content of communication is important in order to ensure that conflict and ill will does not result through misunderstandings.The main skills in managing the emotional content of face-to-face meetings are Preparing well in advance for interviews, being aware of ones opinions and prejudices, Clarifying the nature of the problem in behavioural terms this involves separating fact from opinion, Setting up a fitting place and sufficient time for the interview, 20 Using skills in eliciting information to get the other persons views, Acknowledge the other persons emotional investment in the situation, Stay task focused, conclude a plan of action for the future with the person once the emotional content has been dealt with, Follow up the meeting with a memo summarising the musical arrangement reached, Arrange a follow up meeting to review the situation.Managing dialog by Rackham and Carlisle (1978) Because people perceive situations differently their realities differ, the need to negotiate is a constant part of social life. The approaches to negotiation are as follows pervasive bargaining a win/lose position. Underlying this approach is the idea that resources are finite and that each side tries to maximise the gains for itself leaving the other side to settle for less. Win/lose strategies may give short gains but are usually less effective in the long term 21 parties involved in the negotia tion are usually involved in a long-term relationship with each other. integrated bargaining win/win approaches aims to solve problems in such a way that both sides gain something that they want. Win/win approaches to negotiating are recommended when the parties concerned will have to live and work together over the long term.Lose/lose bargaining in this situation conflict between the parties is likely to be personalised, parties would rather paralyse or destroy the organisation rather than reach an agreement. Approaches to negotiation make the following assumptions about military man psychology People are rational decision-makers at all times, People have unlimited information processing capacity which allows them to take into account all possible alternatives and all possible outcomes, People possess and understand all relevant information. Thus it is an important part of the process of negotiating favoredly to 22 Supply all relevant information, Ensure that its implications are clear to all concerned, Give time for the information to be considered, Be aerofoil to a reconsideration of the information in the light of other points of view, Be willing to raise disagreements in a constructive and non-combatitive manner.Rackham and Carlisle (1978) defined the skilled negotiator as a person who as the ability to achieve an outcome with which participants were satisfied. Skilled negotiators Use their social networks to get their message through to the other side through different people, Repeat their main written report so that it becomes clear and people can consider its implications, Label their actions themselves so that they cannot be mislabelled by others, Test their understanding of what others are saying to them by summarizing and restating the content back to the other side, 23 Show that they are be and listening to the other side by asking questions about their proposals, Do not disagree outright but probe the implications, Avoid making a proposal at a time when it will be rejected, When a proposal is on the table from the other side, it should be examined and allowed to flap down before an alternative is put forward, Know that a counter proposal has the best chance of being accepted as a way out of a problem acknowledged by both sides, Dont waste time, Never personalize difficulties in the process, atomic number 18 not afraid to disagree, but avoid provocation when doing so. Building and maintaining client-worker relationship.In order for it to be possible to engage with a client, the worker needs to show warmth, empathy, active listening and a non- 24 judgemental approach. Lishman (1994) outlines other core conditions or characteristics found necessary to build and maintain a client-worker relationship. legitimacy is one of the core conditions or characteristics found to be necessary for a counsellor or therapist to help clients effectively Truax and Carkhuff (1957). They define genuineness as involving the worker in di rect personal encounter with the client, meeting him/ her on a person-to person basis. Warmth/ non-possessive warmth also termed insipid positive regard is another attribute found by Rogers and the client-centred inform 1957 to be a core condition for helping.Warmth is linked with espousal and conveys respect. It involves the worker accepting the clients experience as part of that person, and can be thought of as a physical way of showing condole with and understanding, and is mainly denotative non-verbally. Mehrabian (1972) uses the term to describe a group on non-verbal behaviours imparting, warmth, affiliation and liking. Mehrabian includes physical proximity, leaning and turning towards the client, sitting in a relaxed position, maintaining eye contact and smiling. 25 Acceptance and a non-judgemental approach. Lishman (1994) sees toleration as a preparedness to try to understand a clients subjective world, without conveying rejection or disapproval. Encouragement and appr oval in the social learning theory terms, conveying approval is giving positive reinforcement, defined by Sutton (1979) as encouraging the repetition of good behaviour.Positive reinforcements include tangible rewards, such as thanks, praise or appreciation. At the same time traditional social work values proposed by Biestek (1965) of acceptance and non-judgemental attitudes, have been interpreted to mean not only that workers should refrain from conveying their disapproval to clients, but also their approval. Empathy is another core condition or characteristic found to be necessary for a counsellor or therapist to help their clients effectively Truax and Carkhuff (1957). Empathic responses can help a client to make sense of what may feel a melange of thoughts and feelings. The client may be reassured that there is some meaning in what as felt incoherent and irrational.Empathic responses can help to validate and confirm clients perceptions, which previously 26 have been ignored, d isqualified or disconfirmed. While this cannot heal or solve the ago hurt it may reduce its power in the present by helping the client to recognise the hurt and live with it, and perhaps lay it to rest and move on. Responsiveness and sensitivity according to Mehrabian (1972) responsiveness can be conveyed non-verbally and verbally. He found that it was communicated non-verbally by movement head nods, leg and foot movements, by facial expressions through pleasantness and changes in expression.Conclusion. The last(a) requirement according to Lishman (1994) for effective communication is the workers self-awareness. Communication, verbal, non-verbal or symbolic, is about our use of self. In order to communicate effectively we have to be aware of what we are doing, why we are doing it, how we are presenting ourselves to our clients and, on the basis of this self-knowledge or awareness, what changes in our communication are needed if we are to be more effective. Skilled and effective c ommunication is not a static state. 27 It will always involve change and development and consolidation, learning from our past behaviour and from our mistakes. Writers such as Sheldon (1977) and Fischer (1978) argue that social workers should concern themselves with the evaluation of the effectiveness of their intervention.They stress the importance of, thinking about the ends of work, not just the means of goals and outcomes setting specific goals to avoid a double agenda, diffusion of goals, inactivity and lack of change, and failure to offer what the client wanted developing and definiting intervention skills for problem-solving and change. The skills involved in attending and listening, engaging and relating, giving and getting information, negotiating agreements or contracts and helping people to make changes in their attitudes, beliefs or behaviour are relevant to social work in all contexts. Each context will influence the way in which communication occurs, both enhancing and encouraging the use of some skills and constraining or limiting the use of others.Lishman (1994) also suggests that attending being punctual is an recitation to our clients of attentiveness. Listening and an 28 empathic response are important components in enabling the client to feel that such emotions can be accepted, expressed and lived with and do not have to be hidden or feared. Such acceptance may be the staring-point for a client to learn to live with and manage previously disabling emotions. Social workers have to begin from a value base, which entails basic respect for all human beings. Social work as to start from humanistic principles or values about the charge and dignity of each individual.Bibliography.Argyle, M. 1988 Bodily Communication (2nd ed) London Methuen. Biestek, F.P. 1965 The Casework Relationship, London, Unwin University Books. Coulshed, V. & Orme, J. (1998) Social Work (An Introduction) 3thed. Macmillan. 29 Cook, M. 1968 Studies of Orientation and Proxim ity, Oxford, Institute of Experimental Psychology. Doel, M. and Lawson, B. 1986 Open Records The Clients Right to coalition , British Journal of Social Work, vol.16. Pp. 407. Dittman, L. 1984 The infants we care for. Washington National knowledge for the Education of Young Children. Druckman, D. 1982 Non Verbal Communication Survey, Theory and Research. Beverly Hills Sage Publications. Ekman, P. & Friesan, W.V. 1968 Non-verbal Communication in Psychological Research, in J.M. Schlien Research in psychotherapeutics Washington American Psychological Research. Fisher, J. 1978 Effective Casework An Electric Approach, New York. McGraw-Hill. 30 Hargie, O. 1986 A Handbook of Communication Skills, London and Sydney, Croom Helm. Lishman, J. 1994 Communication in Social Work Macmillan Press London. Patterson, M. 1983 Non Verbal Behaviour. New York Springer. Mehrebian, A. 1972 Non-Verbal Communication, Alberta, Aldine. Mc Kenna, E.F. 1991 Managerial lead emergent trends University of East London. OHagan, K. 1986 Crisis Intervention in Social Services, Basingstoke, Macmillan. Silverman, P.R. 1969 The Client Who Drops Out A Study of Spoiled Helping Relationships, Brandais University PHD Thesis. 31 Sheldon, B. 1977 Do You Know Where You Are Going? , Community Care, 8th June 1977. Sommer, R. 1965 Further Studies of footling Group Ecology, Sociometry, vol.28, pp. 337. South Eastern Health Board, September twenty-second 1998, Record keeping in the freedom of information environment. Sutton, C. 1979 Psychology for Social Workers and Counsellors, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, Library of Social Work. Thompson, N. (2000) Understanding Social Work. Palgrave. Traux, C.B. and Carkhuff, R.R. 1957 Towards Effective Counselling and psychotherapy, Journal of Counselling Psychology, vol.28. Rackham, N. & Carlisle, J. 1978 The Effective Negotiator Part 1. The behaviour of successful negotiators. Journal of European Industrial Training, 2. 32 United Kingdom Central council for Nur sing, Midwifery and Health Visiting, 1993 Standards for Records and Record Keeping, London UKCC. Wallace, A. and Rees, S. 1988The Priority of Client Evaluations, in Lishman 1988. http//iasw.eire.org/ethics.htm http//www.arcaf.net/social_work_proceedings/ 33 Retrieved from http//www.socialwork.ie/socialwork/wiki/index.php/Communication_in_Social_Work_Practice_-_Essay Personal tools

Creative Photography Essay

What ar three examples of miscellanys of medicinal drug? One example of forms of music Describe each form. What is form in music? Critical Thinking Questions euphony has sometimes been referred to as a ecumenic language. Why has this description been applied to music? Emotions are a common feeling shared among human beings. Music communicates so many things that everyone can understand without having to speak a word . It communicates love, frustration, hatred, war, friendship, commerce, marriage, separation, unity, confusion.Music is referred to as a Universal language Do you agree or disagree with this assessment? Yes I agree Why? Music is universal it provokes the same feelings no matter what kind or style it is music cultivates everyones inner feelings. and thoughts Why is musical notation important? melodic nation is important What benefits do musicians and others receive from being able to drop a line d bear and note aspects of a musical piece? In the root part of the module, we talk abouted how music is everywhere in society.What are some of the ways that we use music? How do you use music in your own life? Music can help influence the mood or feeling in a dwelling by the way in which it is played. What is a specific example of this that you have induced? Discuss the experience (what was the song? how was it played? how did the mood/feeling change? ). For example, you might discuss an experience at a concert, religious service, or another place where music played a part in creating the mood.

Architecture in Context: Urban Design of Kuala Lumpur City

computer architecture IN CONTEXTChapter 1 Introduction002.jpg alt=424469 / gauge 1a urban convention of Kuala Lumpur urban centerUrban design shows both the functional and aesthetic facets of the urban centers built environment. Urban design ( Figure 1a ) , genuine harmonizing to insurance policy model and guidelines, creates a desirable conduct environment every splintering good as giving a metropolis an appropriate count on and indivithreefoldity. Like or so metropoliss in the underdeveloped universe, Kuala Lumpur has grown quickly and changed a messiness from 1960s until now. Kuala Lumpur becomes peerless of the strongest Asiatic metropoliss in universe scotch dodge during 21Thursdaycentury. The alterations argon non merely in footings of edifice building and in like manner the growe of the citys horizon.Figure 1b Location of Kampung BaruSome of tower block edifices appear bit by bit in the metropolis and play vertically from the skyline of metropolis. However, i n Kampung Baru unpolished ( Figure 1b ) , it creates a most contrast phenomenon which is high improvement edifices and antiquated houses appear together in the gold trigon of the metropolis. spicy-rise edifice prototype of modern, high engineer and comfortable edifice while old houses conjure orbits of old, conservative and disintegrating houses. High rise edifice has its mercantile evaluate and makes a part to the economical system of our state however old houses contain its historical value and stand for the beginning typicals of metropolis development.There are some contradiction in terms and struggle against to do think of pulverizing the old houses in the metropolis to do manner for much future development.The aim of composing this essay is to ginmill and analyze the skyline of KL country and the urban developed schemes from the past until presents. in like manner that, to look into and understand the cultural contexts, societal and faith which influence a batch t o the people who lives in that country are also part of the aims. Identify the demands, perceptual experiences and values of specific cultural communities make a clear apprehension of the architecture issue.Chapter 2 accounting BACKGROUNDChapter 2.1 annals background of the alterations of KL citys developmentFigure 2.1 Natural characteristic of KL in 1960Figure 2.2 The development of KL in 80sKuala Lumpur was established in 1857 and the KLs skyline has changed over the old ages. In approximately 1960, Kuala Lumpur was a simply immature piece of land ( Figure 2.1 ) with a few of edifices. Towards 80s ( Figure 2.2 ) , it was the period when the Malayanan economic system truly brocaded up upon. The citys skyline started to alter quickly until the net of 90s. Harmonizing to the information, this period was Malayan economic system grew more than 8 % per twelvemonth for more than a decennary.Figure 2.3 Significant development of KL in 1991Figure 2.4 Skyline of KL in presentsThe 19 90 was a neverthelesstful decennary to the state cod to the economic system raze bend in the twelvemonth 1997. not merely did Malaysia manage to prolong unbelievable growing, the otherwise state did besides travel into the Great Financial Crisis. This fiscal crisis caused most of Malaysias important developments ( Figure 2.3 ) were made. There are many building undertakings that are world built include the building of the KL Tower and the Petronas Towers. The development of Kuala Lumpur was easy macrocosm expanded from the get downing twelvemonth of 2000. In a short-change period, the skyline of Kuala Lumpur ( Figure 2.4 ) has grown a batch in fellowship to provide the demand of population presents.This resulted in the come outgrowth of big expertness of high rise edifices in the metropolis. Not merely it brings an economic system takings to our state, and besides received a batch of investing from outside(prenominal) state. It boosts up a batch of concern and employme nt receive around the metropolis.Chapter 2.2 History background of Kampung Baru countryFigure 2.5 Kampung Baru country at the pap of metropolisEven so, there is a parcel of handed-down houses country turns up meanwhile at the bosom of metropolis ( Figure2.5 ) . The being of handed-down houses which called Kampung Baru creates a strong contrast between modern architecture edifices and traditional houses. Kampung Baru has been established since 1899 by the British regimen under the name of Malay Agricultural Settlement ( M.A.S ) as a particular country dumb specifically for the Malays in Kuala Lumpur. It has 35,000 populations and an country mensurating 153.35 kilometer2.Figure 2.6 Traditional Malay houses of Kampung BaruThe Kampung Baru is characterized by comparative tranquility and neat layout of traditional Malay houses ( Figure 2.6 ) , has relatively been retarded in its development with hapless roads and sanitation even though the remainder of metropolitan of Kuala Lumpu r is basking a roar in economic growing and prosperity. Up to the 1930s, Kampung Baru was strictly a residential small townspeople colony with houses built of wood and supported by pile, with a unforesightfulr gallery, large life room ( normally with no more than tether sleeping rooms ) surrounded by garden harvests ( such as chili, banana, tapioca ) and widespread raising of domestic fowl. In this urban small town merely north of the metropolis amount of money the houses are largely one or two floors.Kampung Baru was ab initio a residential colony in Kuala Lumpur for Malay lower income group. 1 In the 1970s, there was a poor group of Kampung Baru people who earned RM1000 per month and occupied higher beat in the public and private sectors. The state of affairs has rightfully such(prenominal) changed in the 1990s in which the socio-economic position of the dwellers of Kampung Baru had increased. There was rather a important figure of Malay in-between family, such as ente rprisers, professionals and executives, who lived in the colony. This can be proven through the building of new extravagance residential houses such as cot ticketes and modern flat beside the old traditional Malay hosieries. Thus it can be said that Kampung Baru is a topographical point where tradition and modernness meet.Kampung Baru located in the Centre of metropolis and the belongings valued at around Rm2000 per square pess. This favorable geographical location attracts a batch of investors and developers intend to develop it and do a better proviso. Nevertheless, the devastation of the traditional Malay houses has created contention.Chapter 2.3Research method of gazeThe nature of this survey makes it suited for me to use site visit, observation, appraising and vicarious analysis as my research methodological analysiss. Site visit in survey involves detecting, look intoing, comparing and analyzing. at any rate that, research worker makes a questionnaire study signifier fo r public to acquire cognize about their thinking of Kampung Baru. It is indispensable for research worker to understand deeply of about the chance development of Kampung Baru. In order to make so, historical informations pass been assembled by library and internet research. This research to be done is to turn out my study composing in line with strong grounds.Chapter 3 synopsisChapter 3.1 Percepts of occupant to the renovation of Kampung BaruFigure 3.1 Malay-Muslim civilizationDespite being disputed, Kampung Baru is the decease fastness against tower block development in the Kuala Lumpur metropolis. The occupants, born and bred in Kampung Baru from coevals to coevals, are chiefly consisted of Malay. Most of them have no suggest of go forthing Kampung Baru. The nucleus ground is for the inveterate have sex for the community specifically refering on the decided Malay-Muslim civilization ( Figure 3.1 ) and its colorful history. For illustration, some of the precedential still r ecalled their functions in WWII and cherished childhood memories that wanted to prize. They will commence these histories to their kids and grandchildren.Other than that, there is another state of affairs caused Kampung Baru cant be developed. If the certain Kampung Baru landholders have died, his land rubrics will be shared by tonss of relations. Therefore, it can be more than 100 people portion the rights to some secret plans of land sometimes. This status becomes a strong opponent to the sort of renovation the authorities has in head. The authorities and the developers have been boniface meetings and treatment with local landholders about the development programs of Kampung Baru for more than twenty old ages, nevertheless, none of which has proved feasible.With no execution and development, the physical constructions of Kampung Baru are waterlogged and degraded. The unplanned betterment caused resident bit by bit eliminated from their original small town and were replaced by transient and homesteaders. In malice of the fadeout of Kampung Baru, there are still have many people still exhaustively its realizable commercial value and concern market. In this aureate country with environing high rise edifice, it wholly shows an iconic individuality and image of capital metropolis of Malaysia. Suppose that Kampung Baru transformed into a modern and mature country, it will heighten the consistent of betterment of Kuala Lumpur towards as a developed metropolis. The modern design, construction and stuff of high rise edifices give an come to of the ocular to stand for an image of the metropolis.Chapter 3.2 Advan dockes and disadvan stigmatisees one time Kampung Baru to be redevelopedResidents of Kampung Baru have to consider of the advantages and disadvantages one time Kampung Baru to be redeveloped. One of the important effectuate of the alterations to Kampung Baru is maximize the value of land. In term of merely being dual floor houses, it can be develo ped vertically. For case, high rise commercial edifices, office, five star hotel or flat. Not merely cut down the land function, and besides fulfil the demands of big population in the metropolis. Besides that, concern market besides have a batch of possible among this commercial country. The people who live in this country have a high degree of ingestion and quality of life. They would pass a batch for epicurean disbursals.In add-on, while working the bigger commercial market, it besides increases the employment chance every bit good. It helps to work out the stemma of extra unemployment which happened in our state. Ample employee can heighten the productiveness expeditiously. Furthermore, owing to this country is tourist attractive force, so that it brings economic system consequence to the metropolis.Figure 3.2 Alone character of traditional housesOn the contrary, go on Kampung Baru has its unmeasurable bing value. It is difficult to conceive of that an country with such a ri ch inheritance and alone character ( Figure 3.2 ) if razed to the land. Many of the traditional houses of Kampung Baru are dated back to the early 1900s. The peculiar and original features cant be replaced by any unreal engineering presents. If Kampung Baru is turned into a concrete jungle, it will lose all its attractive force as a Centre for Malay heritage.Furthermore, the cultural component in Kampung Baru has influenced, straightaway or indirectly, among the community. They hold profound feelings toward their civilization and relationship with vicinity. Woman love to portion their delightful dishes with their neighbors while kids chum uping around the kampung. This sort of fantasy dramas as an of import function in the development of Kampung Baru. There is no uncertainty that the people of Kampung Baru want development, but at the same press cutting the individuality of Kampung Baru as a Malay community must be maintained.Chapter 3.3 Comparison with the Singapore urban planni ngFigure 3.3 Singapore urban planningBy detecting and look intoing Singapore urban planning ( Figure 3.3 ) , they wholly did a good occupation in this little state. Singapore originally is merely a little and lag bum state. After the World War II, Centre of Singapore faced really terrible urban troubles which are overcrowding, lodging deficit and insanitary life conditions. It caused a batch of unemployment job, infective disease and societal offense. In 1958s, the authorities comes out with a construct program 2 that makes full usage of land by reapportioning the countries severally. In the beginning of urban development, it appears two distinguishable countries which are greenwaies and new town country. First measure is to construct more public lodging in new town country. The decentralised policy leads the population and industry in the metropolis Centre displacement to other topographic point. It creates a balance and mean distribution of population and resolved the lacking of lodging jobs.In the cardinal country, a big addition of stores, office, shopping Centre and epicurean flat occurred. Thoroughly downtown metropolis revived bit by bit, Singapore becomes an international finance, commercial centre and touristry attractive force. It speeds up the economic system growing of Singapore. The authorities of Singapore plans their scheme, from construct, counsel, urban planning to commanding, measure by measure implements it. The carriage of listening to the demands of occupant is the cardinal rule to be succeeded.Chapter 4 finaleIn decision, Kuala Lumpur as a developing metropolis was improved a batch along the times. Even though Kuala Lumpur is still missing john in footings of skyline quality compared to bigger metropoliss like Hong Kong, New York, imprint or Chicago, but it provides an iconic for its multi-cultural architecture found in traditional and modern edifices in the metropolis. Located within the bosom of aggressive metropolis of Kuala Lu mpur, Kampung Baru has struggled to maintain up with monolithic urban development while continuing its traditional heritage. The singularity of this country could non be replaced by any types of trading. The thought process of destruction the traditional Malay houses should be taken off. Old structures bring on its historical border and do a contrast with high rise edifice to show the betterment every bit good as development of engineering presents. Attempt to hold a better urban planning and direction in Malaysia, authorities should do an in-depth survey on the scheme of urban planning in Singapore.MentionsWebsitehypertext depute communications communications protocol //vincentloy.wordpress.com/tag/city/hypertext rapture protocol //www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx/ ? file= % 2F2012 % 2F4 % 2F16 % 2Fcentral % 2F11111102hypertext transfer protocol //www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php? t=167496hypertext transfer protocol //www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/urban_design_and_landsca pe/index.htmhypertext transfer protocol //time2transcend.wordpress.com/tag/kampung-baru/hypertext transfer protocol //www.theedgemalaysia.com/commentary/167862-my-say-kampung-baru-redevelopment-lets-go-for-it.htmlhypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lumpurs-skyline-1960s/hypertext transfer protocol //travel.cnn.com/explorations/ pretermit/kampung-baru-131599hypertext transfer protocol //infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1564_2009-09-08.htmlhypertext transfer protocol //lib.iium.edu.my/mom2/cm/content/ great deal/view.jsp? key=mrB8mYjSDrUDQUS5Lamnms8K3SJ42lFB20100225154009406E-journalhypertext transfer protocol //e-journal.um.edu.my/filebank/published_article/3295/Vol % 209-4.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //repo.uum.edu.my/3179/1/S15.pdfBooksDale, O. J. ( 1999 ) . Urban planning in Singapore The transmutation of a metropolis. Shah Alam, Malaysia Oxford University Press.Suleiman Mohamed and Lokman Mohd. Zen ( 2000 ) ,Sejarah Kampung Baru Di Sini Awal Segalanya Berm ulaHandss, J. ( 1941 ) .The History Of The Malay Agricultural Settlement Kuala Lumpur,From January 1899 to October 1941, Kuala Lumpur.Videohypertext transfer protocol //fatbidin.com/category/kampung-baru-alaf-baru-aka-new-age-new-village/BibliographyWebsitehypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lumpurs-skyline-1960s/hypertext transfer protocol //www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php? t=246455hypertext transfer protocol //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_planning_in_Singaporehypertext transfer protocol //infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1564_2009-09-08.htmlhypertext transfer protocol //timesofmylife.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/big-pore-and-small-pore-of-singapore/Picture creditsFigure 1.1 hypertext transfer protocol //wpwide.com/petronas-twin-towers-kuala-lumpur-malaysia-city-wide-hd-wallpaper/Figure 1.2 hypertext transfer protocol //www.malaysiapropertynews.com/2010/08/redeveloping-kampung-baru.htmlFigure 2.1 hypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lum purs-skyline-1960s/Figure 2.2 hypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lumpurs-skyline-1960s/Figure 2.3 hypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lumpurs-skyline-1960s/Figure 2.4 hypertext transfer protocol //tendtotravel.com/2012/03/kuala-lumpurs-skyline-1960s/Figure 2.5 hypertext transfer protocol //time2transcend.wordpress.com/tag/kampung-baru/Figure 2.6 hypertext transfer protocol //www.ouche.org/DesignEcologies/659/Figure 3.1 hypertext transfer protocol //time2transcend.wordpress.com/tag/kampung-baru/Figure 3.2 hypertext transfer protocol //time2transcend.wordpress.com/tag/kampung-baru/Figure 3.3 hypertext transfer protocol //www.singaporetales.co.uk/2013/09/city-gallery.html1

Leadership skills in student-athletes

Leadership Skills in Student-AthletesIntroductionHarmonizing to TimTebowFans.org ( 2007 ) , Tim Tebow is wiz of the state s summit meeting-rated manifestation c alwaysyers who is laming in his concluding year at the University of Florida. Born in the Philippines to c in on the whole forths who served as Christian rusharies during the summer months, Tebow was the production of a profoundly spiritual home schooldays environment. When the Tebow house implement restd in the united States they do their place in Florida and continued to homeschool their kids. At the trim down Tim was of spunky school age, the province of Florida passed statute law which enabled homeschooled kids to take part in high school interschool sports at their territory school of abode. Tim took advantage of the regulation and played line backer and tight terminal for Trinity Christian in Jacksonville for one twelvemonth. Since Trinity Christian did non go through the lubber much, and Tebow wanted to play request c eitherer, both he and his female pargonnt moved to an flat in another town. This do Tim eligible to play at the high school of his pick. It was at Nease High School in St. Johns County, Florida that Tebow made a name for himself. As a senior, the 63 , 225 pound sharpen caller led Nease High School to the province football game title. In his term of off-keyice at Nease High School, Tebow earned multiple awards including macrocosm named to the Florida All-State Team and Parade s All-Ameri brush aside Team. In his high school calling, Tebow finished with 9,800 passing paces, 3,186 rushing paces, 95 passing touchdowns, and 62 rushing touchdowns. He was besides the characteristic participant in the nationally televised U.S. Army All-American bowl Game.Tebow, one of the top high school chances in the state, was extremely recruited by many successful and high profile colleges and universities. He was really hike up to subscribing with the University of Alabama, barely, in the terminal Tebow signed with the University of Florida because he preferred their elbow room of law-breaking ( TimTebowFans.org, 2007 ) . go playing at the University of Florida, Tebow played really straightforward, rapidly passage one of the state s premier signal callers. Harmonizing to University Athletic companionship ( 2009 ) , Tebow s collegiate awards while playing football be respect and legion and include winning the Heisman Trophy, the Sullivan Award, the Davey OBrien Award, and the Maxwell Award. In 2007, Tebow was named an All-American, the first sophoto a greater extent in Florida Gator history to authorize so. Besides in 2007, Tebow as the first University of Florida participant to be named to the first-team Academic All-American Team in oer a decennary. Finally, Tebow was the 2nd participant in the history of collegiate football to reiterate as Maxwell Award victor, winning it in 2007 and 2008. On the playing product line, Tebow is the lone par ticipant in NCAA history to hotfoot and go through for at least 20 touchdowns in a season. Tebow has throw for over 8,500 paces and 85 touchdowns in his collegiate calling, while belongings besides gained over 2,850 paces on the land with 56 hotfooting touchdowns, both school records by a Florida signal caller. Tebow is besides the lone signal caller in school history to hold rushed for 100 paces in quin games ( South Carolina 2007, Ole disregard 2007, Oklahoma, 2008, Kentucky 2009, Florida International 2009 ) ( ESPN, com, 2009 Comcast.com Sports, 2009 ) .Leadership SkillsAs signal caller for one of the top graded squads in college football, Tebow has displayed controling acquisitions 2nd to none. What is it that makes Tim Tebow a successful attraction in the locale of major college football? What differentiates Tim Tebow from the many other super-skilled signal callers viing in the National Collegiate Athletic familiarity ( NCAA ) ? Is it his rocky control or his abili ty to both run and pass the ball? Is it his initiate words and actions or his enormous passion for the game? These are all qualities that can be found in many successful jocks at the collegiate degree. What does separate Tim Tebow from all the other highly-skilled jocks in NCAA college football are the values he espouses and his enormous leading accomplishments. The most notable qualities that Tim Tebow shows are his love of truth and his devotedness to God. Everything in Tim Tebow s biography is a contemplation of his unvoiced religion and on-going trust in God.Harmonizing to innocence ( 2009 ) , a easily leader shows seven specific qualities including an model character, an on-going committedness to excellence, assurance, essay the whole image and the parts that make it map right, enthusiasm active one s work and the specific function that is played, beau monde and invigoration in hard times, and a cool demeanourThe first note of a good leader is the presentation of an model character ( White, 2009 ) . This demands the leader lead a life a virtuousness, macrocosm trusty, honest, and exposing unity in all aspects of life. The good leader earns the right to the function of duty by walking the talk ( White, parity. 4 ) . Dirocco ( 2009 ) provincesWhat Tebow has done off from football in his four seasons at Florida, nalwaystheless, is scarcely every bit important. His mission and generosity work, his Christian religion, his work with kids and his ability to briefly touch a life yet leave a permanent impact besides are a bequest that Tebow cherishes more and one that go out last beyond touchdowns and triumphs. ( parity. 6 )Tom Rogeberg, the executive frailty president for communications and sell for the Fellowship of Christian Athletes notes the abetter _or_ abettors intimately TebowIn the annals of Doak pushchair and other great college football participants, Heisman-winning participants, he stands out as holding made his grade on the f ield, but off the field he continues to impact mickle. . . He s accessible by anyone other jocks, green kids, aged grandparents, non-sports figures. He merely gives them a great trade of aid and his clip. What he has done with captives and what he has done with orphans and the infirmary visits he makes, it is difficult to conceive of that anyone is like that. . . He s an model function a priori account. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 7-8 )Tebow s male parent Bob is a devout Christian who runs his ain evangelistic association. Tim joins his male parent distributively summer as they travel to the Philippines distributing the Gospel and working in an orphanhood. While at that place, Tebow pr to each onees, Teachs, helps give medical attention, and helps with the necessary day-to-day jobs. When in the United States, Tebow actively speaks at prisons, schools, churches, and young psyche groups. Tebow does non force faith at people. His primary end is to witness to others wha t God has done for him, and them hopefully it will animate others to make the same. Tebow saysHow you are traveling to act upon person is they see something in you that is different or seems fact. . . They see something in you that they think, Wow, that s in truth cool. I m traveling to look into that, or possibly, He s nice about this. He goes about this a different manner, and so they ll look into it. But it s non because I m coercing anything upon anyone. I chastise to do religion a portion of my life, merely like it is. And I will neer deny or coerce it. But I will ever hold it as a portion of my life. . . I hope that people can see it impact my life and how I am so passionate about it, and that s the biggest consequence I hope that people see. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 12-13 )Tim Tebow walks the talk as attest by his admittance at the SEC media event last July that he patterns abstention and is salvaging himself for matrimony. Rogeberg remarks on Tebow s wan ting to stay pureI hope it makes him a function theoretical account. . . If person with that chance for famous person and so extremely recognized wants to maintain himself pure, so he hopes people will inquire , Is that non something that I should pattern, every bit good as his other properties, his work ethic, his fight, his desire to win, and to care for his organic structure the manner he has? That s portion of what he s making by staying pure. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 21-22 )Tebow has a particular topographic point in his bosom for childs who are enduring from unwellness. Though unpublicized, he frequently takes clip to see with ill childs on his ain or with the Goodwill Gators transcription at the university. He is besides involved with the Make-A-Wish Foundation. Tebow notesBing with childs, being with ill childs, doing them smile, I think those memories will likely be even more particular to me than some of the games and some of the wins and the titles and what non. . . Because you know what? At the terminal of the twenty-four hours, that is more particular, being able to utilize football as a political platform to do a child smiling, to do a child s twenty-four hours. . . That child, that s his life. It s his chance or his Make-A-Wish to see me or to speak to me before a game. That s a batch more particular than even winning a game. When you put all the meretriciousness and glamour aside, that s what s sincerely particular. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 24-25 )Leaderships revivify others to acquire involved, and this is precisely what Tim Tebow has done for those around him. In fact, both participants and managers alike meet responded to Tebow s charitable Acts of the Apostless by making charitable Acts of the Apostless themselves. Florida head teacher manager Urban Meyer, his married woman, and their three kids traveled to the Dominican commonwealth in July 2008 with a mission group and helped feed 100 households each twenty-four hours. Their trip besides entailed visits to an all-girls orphanhood and a leper settlement ( Dirocca, 2009, parity. 26 ) .The common denominator is that Tim Tebow is a adult male of great character and religion. It is this strong character and religion that have propelled him to be a leader who is non afeared(predicate) to learn and prophesy what is good and true on the football field and to use that goodness and truth to life.White ( 2009 ) states the 2nd whole tone of a good leader is holding an on-going committedness to excellence. This signifies that the individual strives to be the silk hat that he or she can perchance be in all fortunes. It is obvious that Tim Tebow is first-class at what he does both on and off the playing field. His off the field engagement in charitable causes speaks for itself. His accomplishment awards for being an first-class student-athlete along with demonstrating that he is one of the top participants in college football besides speaks volumes for Tebow s committedness to excellence.Harmonizing to White ( 2009 ) , the 3rd timberland of a good leader is assurance. Assurance is a powerful prop because assurance strains more assurance. Assurance helps displace and pull out the outmatch in people. After the Gators lost a close game to Ole Miss last season, Tebow displayed great assurance and inspiration during his The Promise address at the postgame interview. Tebow foremost apologized to all the Florida yellowish browns for the loss and so confidently statedI merely want to state one thing. . . to the fans and everybody in Gator Nation, um calm you know what intermission , I m regretful. I m highly regretful. We were trusting for an undefeated season. That was my end, something Florida s neer done here. But I promise you one thing A batch of good will come out of this. You have neer seen any participant in the full state drama every bit difficult as I will play the remainder of this season, and you ll ne er see person force the remainder of the squad every bit difficult as I will force everybody the remainder of this season, and you ll neer see a squad drama harder than we will the remainder of this season. God bless. ( as cited in Dirocco, 2009, parity. 33-34 )A 4th quality of a good leader is being able to see the whole image and the specific parts that make it map right ( White, 2009 ) . It is like reading a roadmap, observing all the halting points along the manner to the concluding finish. Tim Tebow sees the large image as evidenced by his committedness to others, his instruction, and his football calling. So many student-athletes live merely from game to game, infinitely prosecuting celebrity and pleasance merely to hold small or zip when their athletic calling all state and done. Tebow is puting in his present and future by traveling about his life in a manner that is fixing him good for household and calling.White ( 2009 ) asserts the 5th quality of a good leader is enthusi asm about work and enthusiasm for one s function played in the work environment. Enthusiasm is contagious. The leader who exhibits reliable enthusiasm will actuate and animate, taking to positive(p) action toward a common end. A good leader besides holds a vision, a vision that can be explained, shared, and enthusiastically sold so that all involved are in integrity and harmoniousness. Once once more, Tebow s enthusiasm and passion can be readily observed in both the populace and individual(a) sectors. His passion for life is evidenced by his love for God and others, along with his pursuit for flawlessness on the playing field. Harmonizing to Beard ( 2006 ) On the field, Tebow runs the gamut from raging to positive encourager depending on the state of affairs. He s non afraid to acquire in the face of a teammate but if he admonishes a teammate for a error it is ever followed by words of boost and a smack on the shoulder. ( p. 8 )A 6th quality of a good leader is being able to dem o order and intent in hard times ( White, 2009 ) . This is the clip for those who follow to be shown reassurance and security through a leader s confident and positive demeanour. Tim Tebow has non seen excessively many hard times on the playing field, but when he does endure licking he can turn the context into an chance to better and go even better. His address after the elder Miss loss is proof of this.The concluding quality of a good leader is exposing a unagitated demeanour in the face of take exceptions that draw close ( White, 2009 ) . Tim Tebow is noted for his cool temperament, particularly during ambitious fortunes. He sees the potency in state of affairss where others lose hope. He understands that challenges will come and travel, and that he moldiness remain true to the values he espouses until the game is over. When playing in the US Army High School All American game, Tebow stood above the remainder in exposing a superior quality of leading. What made that so asto nishing was the quiet and unnoticeable manner that he took bid. There was nil objectionable about it. It was natural and his teammates automatically followed without reserve ( Beard, 2006, parity. 4 ) .DecisionTim Tebow embraces the challenge of being a leader. In Beard ( 2006 ) , Tebow states the followersMy parents ever told me that I had a pick. I can either be a follower or I can be a leader. I ve ever been encouraged to be a leader but most of it comes of course. I think it s a God-given ability and I m truly grateful for it. ( parity. 5 )Tim s male parent Bob Tebow maintains that Tim has ever had leading qualities. In fact, Ever since he was a small cat, childs have merely gravitated to him. Wherever he is, childs merely follow him ( as cited in Beard, 2006, parity. 7 ) . Carl Johnson, violative lineman for the Florida Gators says We ll follow Tim anyplace. He s a great leader, a great individual and a great signal caller ( as cited in Beard, 2006, parity. 12 ) .Tim Tebow is a leader who lives a life of virtuousness based on values such as difficult work, answerability, strong belief, excellence, religion, goodness, honestness, regard, and teamwork. This, along with his love for God and hunt for truth, necessitate to be promoted and encouraged, particularly during times when the shallow chase of prestigiousness, power, and money has been made the precedence in the lives of so many.Harmonizing to University Athletic Association ( 2003 ) , the Mission narrative for the University of Florida Athletic Department is as followsThe University Athletic Association, Inc. exists to progress the University of Florida s instruction, investigate and service missions. Through the instruction and the publicity of the wellness and public tending of pupils, the University Athletic Association seeks to associate experiences of all backgrounds, races, beginnings, genders, and civilizations to fix coevalss of pupils and staff, including adult females and minoritie s, to be productive members of society. The character of the sports plans at the University Athletic Association reflects the character of the University of Florida as a major, public, comprehensive establishment of higher acquisition. The University Athletic Association is utilise to the rational, physical and personal development of student-athletes, every bit good as staff, including adult females and minorities. Showing leading in all determinations impacting college sports, the University Athletic Association will move in an ethical and honest mode, will advance an environment furthering the professional and personal accomplishment of managers, decision makers and staff, will reach excellence in athletic public presentation, sportsmanship, fiscal strength, and superior fan satisfaction. This vision in sports is at the nucleus of our duty to the University, to our pupils, and to the populace at big. ( para. 1-2 )Student-athletes such as Tim Tebow are a perfect tantrum for the mission of the University of Florida Athletic Program. His portraiture of excellence in faculty members and sports, and his societal outreach to service those who are less fortunate is a theoretical account for all student-athletes to emulate. His quiet but strong leading accomplishments combined with personal qualities of honestness and good moralss makes Tim Tebow an outstanding student-athlete. It is the end of all collegial athletic plans to slip by and enroll student-athletes such as Tim Tebow who display sound character and lead by word and illustration. When student-athlete recruits fall short and do non exhibit moralss and leading, they non merely ache themselves, they hurt the athletic section and the university as a whole.